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The cultural change in the tribes increased the needs of the economy and society and the need for people with new arts and skills arose. Society was divided into different castes. On the other hand, many tribes and social groups were included in a caste-based society and given caste status. In such races the community with specialized skills is predominant. Now caste became the basis of the organization of society instead of race.
Achievements of forest dwellers and nomadic tribes (Gond and Ahom) Gond: The people living in the vast forest region of Gondwana in India are known as Gond. Which is one of the oldest tribes of India. He was a king of each clan in the large Gond tribe divided into small clans rather than migrant farming. According to the Akbarnama, the Gond state of Gadkanga consisted of about 70,000 villages.
Learn so much Migrant (zoom) farming This type of farming involves cutting down trees in the forest, burning them and clearing the land. This type of farming is known as migratory farming or zoom farming, leaving the area as the soil fertility decreases after two-three years of cultivation. His state system was centralized. States were divided into strongholds. Each fort was ruled by a special Gond clan. Each fort was divided into a unit of 84 villages. Known as eighty-four.
Each of the eighty-four bars - a sub-unit of twelve villages - divided into twelve. The Gond society also changed with the rise of big states. Amandas, the Gond king of Gadkanga, assumed the title of Sangramshah to gain recognition as a basic Rajput. His son Dalpat married Princess Durgavati, daughter of the Chandel Rajput king of Mahoba. When Dalpat died at a young age, Durgavati took over the rule in the name of her five-year-old son Veer Narayan.
In 1565, the Mughal army led by Asif Khan defeated Durgavati. The queen and her son died in battle. The state of Gadkanga made a lot of money from the elephant trade. By conquering Gadkonga, the Mughals got a lot of wealth and elephants. He controlled most of the state. While the rest was given to Veer Narayan's uncle Chandrashah. The Gond kingdom, which had become weak after the fall of Gadkanga, could not withstand the onslaught of the powerful Bundello and the Marathas. Ahom: The Ahom people came from present-day Myanmar in the thirteenth century and settled in the Brahmaputra river valley of Assam. He changed the old political system of Bhuiyan (landlord, landlord) and established a new state.
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In the sixteenth century, Chutio (1523) and Koch-Hajo (1581) merged the kingdoms into their own kingdoms and established a vast Ahom kingdom, conquering the surrounding tribes. In the seventeenth century, they could even make ammunition and cannons. However, there were many attacks on the Ahom people from the south-west. Is. In 1662, they fought valiantly against the Mughal army led by Mir Jumla but lost. But the direct Mughal domination over the area did not last long.
Source social science std 7 book gujarat
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